how to get object name from id / prefix value in salesforce

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Standard and Custom Objects in Salesforce have three character prefixes which form the first part of the record ID. 

For example, a User record with ID 00561000000Mjya has the prefix 005, which is the prefix for the User object. 

 To get an Id from RecordId / Record Prefix, you can use below class.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
public class SchemaGlobalDescribe{
    public static String findObjectNameFromRecordIdPrefix(String recordIdOrPrefix){
        String objectName = '';
        try{
            //Get prefix from record ID
            //This assumes that you have passed at least 3 characters
            String myIdPrefix = String.valueOf(recordIdOrPrefix).substring(0,3);
             
            //Get schema information
            Map<String, Schema.SObjectType> gd =  Schema.getGlobalDescribe(); 
             
            //Loop through all the sObject types returned by Schema
            for(Schema.SObjectType stype : gd.values()){
                Schema.DescribeSObjectResult r = stype.getDescribe();
                String prefix = r.getKeyPrefix();
                System.debug('Prefix is ' + prefix);
                 
                //Check if the prefix matches with requested prefix
                if(prefix!=null && prefix.equals(myIdPrefix)){
                    objectName = r.getName();
                    System.debug('Object Name! ' + objectName);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }catch(Exception e){
            System.debug(e);
        }
        return objectName;
    }

}

 --------------------------------
Now you can execute below code in developer console.
String objectName = SchemaGlobalDescribe.findObjectNameFromRecordIdPrefix('500');

System.debug(objectName);

 I hope this will help you.
Reference URL:
https://help.salesforce.com/articleView?id=How-to-find-Object-Type-from-Record-ID-Prefix&language=en_US&type=1

Have almost 7 years of experience and expertise in Core Java, JDBC, Servlet, JSP, Java Web Services and Struts, Oracle Database, MS SQL Server,Apex,Visual Force,Force.com platform. Good Experience on Oracle CRM ON DEMAND, Sales force CRM with ability to work independently and in a team environment. Good Analytical & Reasoning skills. Strongly creative in learning new technologies and systems, extremely passionate to work in a challenging place. Apart from that, I have very vast experience in integration and data migration from one system to other system. Certifications: 1. Salesforce Certified Platform Developer I 2. Salesforce Certified Administrator 3. Salesforce Certified Sales Cloud Consultant 4. Salesforce Certified Service Cloud Consultant 5. Oracle Certified Java Developer 6.Oracle Certified Web Component Developer 7. Oracle Certified SQL Associate

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